Straw is a major by-product of the grain industry. Indirect ammoniation by urea to improve the nutritive value of straw was investigated. Ammoniated and untreated wheat straw were compared in a 2 x 2 factorial experiment at CP levels of…
The aqueous ammoniation of wheat straw by urea, as affected by temperature and moisture level, was studied in a 4 x 2 x 6 factorial experiment. Treatments included temperatures of 4, 14, 24 and 35 °C, moisture levels of 250…
The use of ammoniated maize residue as a replacement for maize meal in the diet for fattening lambs, was investigated. Ammoniation of maize residue increased average daily DMI and ADG at the 0 and 20% concentrate levels. The feed conversions…
The ammoniation of wheat straw by urea in a stack method was investigated and compared to urea supplemented and untreated straw in an intake and in vivo digestibility trial. Ammoniation and supplementation significantly (P ≤ 0,01) improved the mean daily…
The potential of chemically treated common reed (Phragmites australis) hay in maintenance diets for sheep. 2. A comparison between NaOH treatment and ammoniation with or without molasses with respect to digestibility, intake and nitrogen retention. A digestibility experiment was conducted…
The utilization of urea-supplemented and ammoniated barley straw in sheep. Barley straw treated with urea (75 kg/ton straw) and with anhydrous ammonia (30 kg/ton straw) by the stack and oven methods were compared with urea-supplemented barley straw in an intake…
Two experiments were conducted to (i) determine the effect of thermal ammoniation (NH3BPS) and heat treatment (HBPS) of birdproof sorghum (BPS) on energy and N metabolism, measured with intact and ileo-rectal anastomosed pigs and (ii) to evaluate NH3BPS and untreated…
Urea-supplemented wheat straw (UWS) was substituted stepwise by urea-ammoniated wheat straw (AWS) in diets fed to SA Mutton Merino ewes during late pregnancy and lactation. The experimental animals were fed ad libitum under zero grazing conditions over the last 8…
Effect of prolonged treatment of wheat straw with urea or a urea/caustic soda combination during baling on the nutritional value thereof for sheep. A study was undertaken to investigate the treatment of wheat straw with urea or urea plus caustic…
Five diets were formulated on an iso-nutrient basis (approximately 12 MJ digestible energy, 16,5% crude protein, 5% non-degradable protein, 33% neutral detergent fibre, 18% acid detergent fibre, 0,8% calcium and 0,3% phosphorus) so that lucerne hay (LH) was substituted by…
The nutritive value of maize residues, presented in three forms to growing Simmentaler steers (250 ± 31 kg), was evaluated by means of a growth and digestion study. The three forms of maize residues evaluated were: (i) selected material which…
The chemical composition and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) of untreated and ammoniated crop residues, sampled at various sites in the North West Province of South Africa, were investigated. The mean IVDMD of maize residues obtained by means of…
The aim of the study was to examine the effects of the substitution of lucerne hay by untreated, urea-enriched and urea-ammoniated wheat straw on (i) dry matter intake (DMl), digestibility and nitrogen balance, (ii) in situ degradability, (iii) rate of…
