Citeria of condition are discussed and defined. Thirty-eight condition indices taken from nine adult male impala were tested for linear correlation with condition and total body fat. Indices derived from the complete dissection of a buttock proved to be the most reliable, but as the kidney fat index was also reliable, and considerably easier to obtain, this was recommended as a more suitable field technique as long as perinephric fat was present. Neither bone marrow fat nor any of the indices which could be obtained from live animals proved to be well correlated with condition